Addition is an operation to find the total number when two or more numbers are put together.
The numbers to be added together are called “Addends” and the result obtained is called the “Sum”. Let's look at an example:
8 + 2 = 10
Here, 8 and 2 are addends and 10 is the sum.
Take a look at one more example.
Suppose you have 4 apples and your friend gives you 3 more apples. How many apples will you have?
You will need to add these numbers together to find the total.
As you can see, if you have 4 apples and add 3 more apples, you'll have 7 apples in total. You could write it like this:
4 + 3 = 7
This is a mathematical equation. A mathematical equation is basically a math sentence. It uses numbers and symbols instead of words. When we write out equations with addition, we use two symbols: + and =
Try this!
Here we combine the two collections and find the total. 2 + 3 = 5
Let us take another example.
3 + 2 + 1 = 6
What if you have larger numbers to add? Imagine that there are 35 students on one bus and 24 students on the other bus. If you have to find out how many total students are there on the two buses, how will you do it? For this reason, to add larger numbers, you should set it up in a way that makes it easier to solve one step at a time. Let’s add 35 and 24
Step 1: Stack it like below, be sure to line up the number places so that they are directly over each other.
Step 2: Start solving from right to left i.e. first we add the digits on the right:
So, we put 9 below the line at one's place and it looks like the below:
Step 3: Then, we move to the next set of digits
So, we put 5 below the line at the tens place.
And, the answer is:
What happens when the sum of the two digits is greater than 10? Let’s understand with an example: 56 + 47
Step 1: Stack these numbers like below:
Step 2: Add numbers to the right 6 + 7 which is 13. In 13, pick the digit at one's place or the digit on the right of the number like 3 in 13 and place it under the line below and carry over 1 to the next set of digits in the original numbers.
Step 3: Add the digits on the left i.e. 5 + 4 = 9. To this also add the 1 that was carried over. So, this becomes 9 + 1 or 5 + 4 + 1 = 10. Write 10 under the line like below:
Follow these steps to get the answer:
Step 1 - Line up the numbers vertically.
Step 2 - Add the digits in the one's column on the right-hand side, 3 + 3 + 2 becomes 8.
Step 3 - Add the digits in the tens column, 7 + 5 + 8 becomes 20. Write 0 below the tens column and carry over 2 to the hundred columns.
Step 4 - In the hundred columns, add 4, 6, and 2(carry over), which becomes 12. So, write 2 below the hundreds column and carry over 1 to thousands column.
Step 5 - In the thousands column, add 3 and 1, which becomes 4. Write 4 below the thousands column. So, the final sum is 4208
Example 1: There were 3 giraffes. 2 more giraffes joined them. How many giraffes are there in all?
Solution: Here the number of giraffes is less than 10 hence we will use the method of counting. i.e. 3 + 2 = 5. There is a total of 5 giraffes.
Example 2: John read 21 pages of an English book yesterday. Today, he read 15 pages of the same book. What is the total number of pages that he read?
Solution: As here the numbers of pages read is more than 10 hence we will use the stacking technique:
John read 36 pages.
