A plant is a living organism of the kind exemplified by trees, herbs, ferns, mosses, shrubs, grasses, which absorbs water and inorganic substances through its roots, and with the process of photosynthesis using chlorophyll synthesize nutrients in its leaves.
-Photosynthesis is the process used by plants and other organisms for converting light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms.
-Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in plants. Plants use chlorophyll (and light) to make food.
Plants make their own food. Plants breathe, reproduce, and can grow their whole life.
Structure of plants
Structure means the way something is built, made, organized, arranged. So when we talk about structure of plants we are talking about the way in which the parts of the plants are organized into the whole.
Organs of plants include:
Each plant organ has a unique and specialized task in the life of the plant.
- Roots, leaves, and stems are all vegetative structures.
- Flowers, seeds, and fruits make up reproductive structures.
There are many different plants and we can also find some without this “classic” structure. For example: some species such as cacti don’t have leaves and they conduct photosynthesis in their stems.
Roots
Roots are designed to pull water and minerals from whatever material the plant sits on. That’s their task. The other task is to provide support in the form of an anchor in the soil. For water plants, the roots may be in the water. For traditional trees, the roots go deep into the soil. Humans often use the roots of plants for food. For example, carrots are an edible plant root.
Stems
Stems function to transport the food and water from the root to the leaves. The stem transports the product of photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant, including the roots. Also, it provides support for the leaves, fruits, and flowers.
Leaves
Leaves are all about photosynthesis, creating food molecules and absorbing carbon dioxide for the plant. Leaves absorb sunlight and make food for the plant.
Flower
The primary purpose of a flower is reproduction. Reproduction in flowering plants begins with the process of pollination, the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma on the same flower or to the stigma of another flower on the same plant, or from the anther on one plant to the stigma of another plant. From that point we can define 2 types of pollination:
Pollen is a fine powder made up of microspores produced by male plants.
Why plants are so important?
Plants are very important to us:
Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is a chemical compound composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms. It is a heavy colorless gas.
Oxygen (O) is one of the main elements of air and the most common element on Earth. It is necessary for the survival of people and animals.
