types of nouns radian condensation evaporation fractions ecology prehistoric man middle age growth mindset fixed mindset solar system states of matter multiplication world war i world war ii ancient rome earth in the solar system personal budgeting newton's laws of motion ancient greece american revolution human anatomy organ systems indus valley civilization harappan civilization byzantine empire eastern roman empire byzantium composition of earth's moon weather galaxies trigonometry work etiquette interview etiquette force motion velocity acceleration mass gravity asteroids erosion industrial revolution fossils student etiquette decimals latitude longitude bronze age friendship relationships planets conversational etiquette situational etiquette empathy budgeting continents stone age basic cooking book reports types of landforms types of forests research reports food chain components of ecosystem earth's hemispheres comparing fraction equivalent fraction compilers user interface design software development kits biomes adding fractions waves properties of waves wave behavior heat thermometers applications syntax comparing quantities creative arts estimate area algebraic fractions rocks microorganisms multiplication of large numbers addition verbs types of adjectives whole numbers percentage binary operations clouds conservation of energy subtraction integers water cycle minerals exponents climate ratio converting decimals to fractions converting repeating decimals to fractions angle measurement distributivity dividing fractions circle cube square root inverse trigonometric functions embryo convection composition of earth geometric shapes momentum punctuation atmosphere radiation taxonomy sexual reproduction in flowering plants three laws of thermodynamics magnetism electricity fetus internet caves law listening logarithms volume mountains valleys mechanics of plants mindset multiplying fractions narrative natural numbers origin of the universe subtracting large numbers subtracting two digit numbers subtracting three digit numbers practical applications of trigonometry properties of polygons reasoning polar regions desert relevant evidence reproduction sampling speaking middle age great depression algebra stories with characters stories with beginning and end subtracting fractions temperature trust types of numbers scientific method variable manipulation weight writing a summary writing with transitions energy forms of energy standard deviation polar coordinates statistical significance earthquakes matrices leadership accounting scientific notation structure of animals reducing fractions matrix operations volcanoes tectonic structure measurement improper fraction atmospheric pressure division elements reciprocal motivation mixed fraction mixed numbers dividing large numbers human rights political systems muscular system least common multiple lowest common multiple greatest common divisor greatest common measure greatest common factor highest common factor highest common divisor writing genres literary genres storms computers allotropism allotropy periodic table complex fraction compound fractions carbon cycle oxygen cycle nitrogen cycle bullying renaissance cell membranes cytoplasmic membrane plasma membrane cell transport nutrient cycle genetics dna genes metabolism inheritance chromosomes cartesian coordinates enzymatic regulation trade winds machine skeletal system circulatory system chemical reactions chemical equations origin of species isotopes urinary system nose eye tongue ear weather forecasting geochronology skin acid digestive system mineralogy geochemistry meteorites respiratory system endocrine system international relations civil wars terrorism electoral system political parties civil society excretory system osmosis diffusion bases mixture models of democracy realism and neorealism idealism liberalism nationalism anarchism voting behavior expansion of the universe eclipse international law milky way night sky space exploration immune system integumentary system comets e-commerce cell theory coriolis effect probability cell division carbohydrates social cognition depression gender roles artificial intelligence bioinformatics urbanization child abuse statistical regression lipids amino acids iron age nucleic acids cellular organization basic cooking terms enzymes cold war religion slavery carbon-14 dating ideology torque salts derivatives lenses floating sinking archimedes' principle cells and simple circuits cathode rays and cathode ray tubes electrostatics fluid flow equilibrium and center of gravity integrals forestry wildlife tourism fishing land reclamation land rehabilitation vitamins minerals in nutrition trade industry folding faulting proteins structure of plants neuron division of labor french revolution soils glaciation glaciers set theory marxism market equilibrium combustion economic systems social movements venn diagram simple interest shapes human wants production sense organs compound interest home trade entrepreneurship teeth graphical representation of data history prehistory egyptian pyramids business environment algebraic expression pharaohs music business insurance musical instruments business transactions product promotion warehousing inflation global warming business cycle formulae algebraic formulas classical music gas laws sleep psychology insurance compounds molecules theater natural selection and adaptation memory theories animal groups algebraic factorisation liberty pollution memory process agriculture limits continuity factors influencing agriculture soil factors edaphic factors soil constituents land preparation linear equations even numbers odd numbers cardinal numbers ordinal numbers crop propagation photosynthesis types of accounting ratios recombinant proteins anthropology converting degree to radian converting radian to degree planting sentence nursery practices successor predecessor visual arts performing arts trigonometric functions elements of art painting techniques plant nutrients soil fertility organic manures co-operatives health diseases henri fayol’s principles of management concept of financial markets forms of market competition consumer theory parastatals order of operations comparing numbers nouns cost benefit analysis crop pests pest control measures united nations inorganic fertilizers land tenure adjectives length measurement divisibility rules human body basic needs atom sentence structure days of the week weather types time measurement transportation ancient egypt mendelian inheritance antonyms clock seasons doubling numbers halving numbers physical change chemical change language living things non-living things earth adding decimals plants months home habitats counting flowering plants water classification of plant kingdom kingdom plantae classification members of kingdom plantae decimals in expanded form non-flowering plants kinematics one-dimensional kinematics matter roman numerals grammar chemistry properties of matter earth's movements eating habits of animals sources of food geology ecological relationships macromolecules types of plants astronomy time duration civilization human life cycle ancient history pythagoras' theorem food from plants cell blood ancient mesopotamia ancient china reproduction of animals adaptations of animals components of food calendar agricultural economics forage crops neolithic revolution early african civilizations arctic ocean elasticity calendar math nutrients grazing systems subtracting decimals multiplying decimals parts of speech dividing decimals biology factors and multiples ancient greek philosophy atlantic ocean animals emission and transmission of light antarctica organism primary industries rectilinear propagation of light life cycle geography liquid measurement africa secondary industries food plane mirror reflection allergy caspian sea arithmetic progression landforms forests air anesthesia anatomy addiction bacteria air pollution water pollution geometric progression constitution biochemistry algae spherical mirror convex mirror concave mirror economics brain biotechnology alps biomolecules blood disorders angles asthma amazon rainforest permutation archaeology art movements refraction asia climate change calculus nato quadratic equations light graphs of simultaneous linear equation nervous system dispersion of light area perimeter fertilization arc and segment tangent gas macronutrients solids averages insects liquids natural disasters psychology materials family paper ecosystem sound plastic philosophy microeconomics characteristics of sound glass ceramics tertiary industries europe socialism gastronomy politics rubber big bang slope of a straight line section formula intercept form of a straight line environment mythology celestial objects influence oxygen metals substances mental health culture quadrilaterals parallelogram carbon dioxide electrovalent bond covalent bond physics electrical energy chemical properties of metal extraction of metal textile grains sugar viruses time and work vaccines medications diabetes profit and loss stroke heat transfer intelligence obesity nutrition influenza recycling heat expansion poetry pregnancy conduction menstrual cycle menstruation literature triangle antibiotics energy resources cancer oral tradition heat capacity micronutrients social studies similarity in triangles ancient india hydropower solar energy democracy hormones sun congruence of triangles government managing money international monetary fund world health organization change in state of matter capitalism architecture tourism wildlife legal judgment exercise australia hygiene gross domestic product theorems on triangles wood north america fluids south america drama oceania arctic grassland sahara museum judgment maps geographic maps grand canyon rocky mountains fungus anorexia fire vegetable fruit business organizations public corporations spice private limited companies partnerships public companies parasites drug microscope first aid sole proprietorship cardiopulmonary resuscitation malaria fire safety reading comprehension memory human migration pneumonia electromagnetism island globalization infection commutative hospital river associative metallurgy infrastructure smallpox satellite injury orbit colors numbers sanitation monarchy crime media world trade organization civil engineering surgery tuberculosis common cold education rational numbers place value relations infinite series speed parity properties of parallelogram number system abolitionism abiogenesis late modern period social issues art abuse sociology maltreatment linear motion accessories assets achaemenid empire financial assets first civilizations finance chemical bonding arithmetic mathematics large numbers alcoholism smoking words aesthetics financial literacy language arts nile lake victoria scramble for africa afterlife death age of discovery age of enlightenment colonialism early modern period european history philosophical movements agrarian revolution aggression agrarian revolution in britain pests agronomy crop diseases horticulture crop production development of early agriculture agroforestry domestication farm accounts agricultural marketing earth science lungs resources jet engine drink solving for variables organic chemistry bronze political ideology american history political science cardiovascular system lymphatic system liver confucianism western philosophy sumer gupta empire assyria silk road han dynasty mesoamerica andean civilizations roman empire maya civilization andes zoology environmental issues livestock health life sciences dairy products meat hunting eating disorders antioxidants vocabulary synonyms software computer science electrochemistry great wall of china construction sea prehistoric art modernism romanticism technology data ganges asexual reproduction yangtze himalayas association football supernova space science entertainment auroras northern lights universe earth sky cosmology black hole mediterranean sea biosphere snow meteorology latent heat of vaporization pressure relative mass thermal conduction mole nuclear fusion physical chemistry quantitative data aztecs post-classical history oxidation numbers subatomic particle money cooking life skills poverty epistemology tradition scientific theories programming binary and machine language biodiversity species sexual reproduction physiology genetic engineering birth control black death cardiovascular disease epidemic heart body mass index bodies of water nature library comics writing mental disorder broadcasting british empire television management buildings engineering farm structures bulimia self-development discrimination soft skills public limited companies company corporation trade union commerce demand camera game lake display technology magnetic field vacuum types of caves cathode ray tubes electric current energy cycle electric battery chocolate reformation society war conflict clothing vocabulary space race decolonization mail interview conflict resolution web communication programming languages plate tectonics comprehension reading computer networks source code control digital literacy robotics consciousness mathematical constants dictatorship dam contemporary philosophy viking age ottoman empire mongol empire mughal empire soviet union middle east thermal energy etiquette safety crusades social behavior myths folklore ethnic group week day dance suicide forms of government medicine dentistry feelings diet nutritional supplements eating habits numeracy diplomacy social media disability mobile phone malnutrition distance hiv electric potential early african civlizations early agriculture in egypt early agriculture in mesopotamia scientific revolution frigid zones european colonization of the americas history of earth oceanography hydrology species interactions market structure employment macroeconomics investing learning skills women's suffrage mechanical engineering electric motor electromagnetic radiation electric field patterns speed of light electronic medium laser stability of isotopes and elements saturn emotional intelligence empire wind power thermal properties of matter renewable energy human activities martial arts gambling swimming video game olympic games static equilibrium european union indigenous peoples medieval history international organizations existence metaphysics fairy tale exploitation marriage farm tools and equipment fascism parenting personality novel feminism film outdoor activities rain folk music food irradiation food safety organic food weak interaction strong interaction vegetarianism standard model free will peace fortification furniture man woman human sexuality genocide sexual orientation heredity travel polygons ice age global affairs prayer manufacturing pacific ocean theory of relativity great lakes linguistics medical imaging quantity of heat us history holy roman empire puberty people prejudice social equality journalism news international red cross and red crescent movement international politics jazz prose stories mars negative numbers mode variables mathematical formulas meditation mercury military musical movements singing pop music rock music opera national integration navigation number line new religious movement neuroscience printing paleontology social class percentile philosophy of science uranus tang dynasty types of radiation types of radioactivity venus soul science theories world soil conservation tropical cyclone spaceflight year urbanisation water conservation factorial human needs humanitarianism cardinal directions compas time financial markets expenses united states dividing by powers of 10 experiments american colonial period spanish colonial period martial law basic concepts of economics human skeleton subset density h2o australian outback newton's first law gobi southern ocean mojave desert global water cycle baltic sea conservation strategies congo rainforest simple machines taiga geographic information systems compass and navigation caribbean sea sound waves demography soil composition tsunamis cultural landscape cultural geography rock cycle pampas savannas hardware components of computer computer architecture digital communication operating system geological time scale cyber security algorithm server firewalls client server architecture electronic configuration key signatures international trade music theory music history music technology music and culture music and society river system of the world great plains melting software application memory management and storage software methodology central processing unit database management system database system security computer ethics computer malware software engineering political geography downs version control system wi-fi data security acceleration due to gravity classification post war reconstruction and rehabilitation of europe the martial plan the cold war data modeling data encryption adding large numbers data handling ocean copper linear equation in graph financial statements binary population interactions market retail capacitance optics markup languages shares small area estimation digital safety light waves the office modern history degrees human behaviour conic sections statistics geometry abortion reproductive system abstract art business animal husbandry aids violence livestock production ageing clothes farming agrarian revolution in the united states of america fashion farm records sensitive production economics amazon river aluminium revolution tornado carbon alloy vascular system ventilatory system sexually transmitted infection genital system alkynes alcoholic drink pre-columbian era alkanols wine steel respiratory apparatus fluid dynamics space combined gas law buoyancy applications of electrolysis fuel cells fossil fuel structures social science realism astronomical events sport economy milk regions archeology polar lights nitrogen telescope jupiter molecular formula phosphorus cycle iron silver silicon morality chemical compounds electrons detergents god conservatism hunger famine truth biological data analysis economic depression plant processes botany biogeochemical cycle books informatics tree identity elements weight loss radio molecular biology biological processes biological systems supply business administration business units garden plants caffeine cellular biology composition of blood calligraphy bread mass media bridge plant physiology natural resources geographical zones canal classical mechanics mechanics laws of conservation of energy conservation of mass communication explosive conversation photography charle's law cartography coal information internal combustion engine inorganic chemistry circuits stoichiometry electrolytes means of communication molar solutions electrochemical cell eukaryote services goods vacuum tubes coordinate geometry pottery charts telecommunication cryptography card game coffee emotions land power early human migrations knowledge mind gastroenteritis food intolerance festival consumer behavior weeds and weed control stock market dental diseases symmetry popular culture ungrouped data contamination coordinate geometry in 3-dimensions masonry emergency counting forms extinction natural gas latent heat of fusion electric field flood tectonic forces steam engine electric light thermodynamics mains electricity nuclear power gunpowder length tax geophysics tea drawing elements of life documents sexism inca empire rocket racism petroleum food preservation good and evil standard conditions natural environment mensuration genres hurricane gender environmentalism stability music genres fluid mechanics ontology welfare epic poetry fiction jewellery nutrition labeling short story fuel general toy gasoline mississippi river median historical events particle physics mean privacy justice mining police shadows metric space volumetric analysis wheel migration orchestra publishing imperialism great barrier reef sculpture islamic golden age theocracy telephone population neptune solution inertia particles wind energy radar computer languages cellulose ritual lithosphere spirituality dinosaurs raw materials direction national unity heritage multiplying by powers of 10 winds japanese colonial period article climate zones observational astronomy newton's third law friction newton's second law neighborhood geography temperate forest machine learning file extension electric circuit work energy conversion website search engines phishing networking protocols hydrocarbons atomic mass and number respiration concentration of solution plant and animal tissue the particulate nature of matter rhythm time signatures tempo types of chemical reactions nomenclature in organic chemistry ensemble music industry electronic music molecular structure digital art coral sea boiling sublimation freezing software design laboratory safety files and folders flowchart steppes file system management balancing chemical equation ethernet prairies plains avogadro's number stoichiometric calculations carboxylic acids ethers functional groups process of respiration national perspective of different nation process management data structure gas stoichiometry math operations cube root bodmas rule roots radioactivity isomerism radioactive decay differential equations human euclidean vectors boyle's law quantum mechanics alkenes acid-base reaction catalysis alkanes evolution life state culinary theory of demand and supply price currency rotation plane figures solid shapes grouped data vectors natural sciences bank solubility hydrogen interest rounding descriptive statistics displacement inverse elements graham's law prealgebra constants properties of circle chemical symbols parabolas nuclear reactions functions belief solving linear equation with two variables coordinate system science food allergies cathode rays organic substances redox reactions polymers aldehydes current electricity simultaneous equations human evolution stars space station great pyramid of giza organization nation grasslands marketing engine alcohols elasticity power profit and loss reflection bearing and distance hydrogen peroxide linear inequality moon square square equations sequence and series vehicle school indian ocean eastern philosophy gold medieval europe nuclear fission line separation of mixture combination experimental design pronoun adverb voting and majority rule in us ocean current political philosophies and their impact on the united states constitution english role of media in politics civics levels and branches of the us government foundational principles of the us government structure and authority of the us judicial system federalism the us presidency data collection and analysis us constitution individual rights and responsibilities of us citizens the roles of various us governmental departments and agencies figure of speech us state government political parties in the us bill of rights us constitutional amendments civil rights in the united states civil rights movement in the united states contribution of minorities in the united states the women's rights movement in the us the united states in world war ii the united states in world war i government budget and economy game theory monopoly scarcity introduction to index number non-price competition statistical tools and interpretation correlation deflation immigration and emigration inflation types population trends slavery in the united states the mayflower compact nato and us role nation and states historic influence of the magna carta the revolutionary era impact of september 11 on the united states the holocaust us relations with middle east us isolationism and neutrality japanese internment in the us imperialism and nationalism in us history the russian revolution and its impact on the us the treaty of versailles and the us urban and rural societies credit and debt notable historic societies the role of us government in regulating business practices income economics and war supply and demand types of economic systems opportunity cost components of national income fiscal policy keynesian and classical models monetary policy production possibility frontier trade and exchange rates circular flow of income role of economic institutions monetary policy and the federal reserve in us economic relationships and operations production possibilities curve resource allocation surplus and shortage oligopoly price elasticity product differentiation cartels perfect competition labor markets income distribution labor market and wage determination economic indicators types of unemployment balanced surplus and deficit budget foreign exchange rate forms of market and price determination national income economic sectors revenue economic measurements interest rates unemployment 20th-century philosophy primitive and non-primitive control structures functions and modular programming defining functions return values array and linked lists operations on data structure table relational models secure online behavior local area network wide area network internet protocol domain name system web development cascading style sheets application of artificial intelligence ethical considerations in artificial intelligence data privacy intellectual property netiquette software development life cycle software deployment software implementation software testing cloud computing cloud types mobile application development embedded systems internet of things data types parameters microcontrollers software requirements web browser applied ethics bioethics ethical foundations ethics ethics and moral philosophy medical ethics the ethics of artificial intelligence the scientific method and philosophy the philosophy of historical determinism social philosophy political philosophy philosophy of virtual reality and simulation philosophy of technology philosophy of religion philosophy of mind philosophy of language philosophy of history philosophy of art and beauty medieval philosophy history of philosophy environmental philosophy early modern philosophy branches of philosophy applied philosophy ancient philosophy african philosophy and culture 19th-century philosophy logic and critical thinking deductive and inductive reasoning cognitive biases and logical traps logical fallacies syllogisms and propositional logic rationalism and empiricism tension between faith and rationality ethical theories theories of aesthetic judgment theories of consciousness theories of government theories of truth perception and reality personal identity and the self moral relativism and moral absolutism social justice and inequality art and morality freedom and responsibility the mind-body problem political philosophy absurdism and nihilism philosophy of law and justice theories of mind language and reality justice and human rights religious pluralism and tolerance the nature of meaning and reference philosophical inquiry into god’s existence social contract theory lines and planes in 3d skepticism and sources of knowledge translations the role of power and privilege in society argument structure and evaluation the problem of universals free will and determinism the hard problem of consciousness power structures and legitimacy the concept of art science and its philosophical foundations falsifiability and scientific revolutions existentialism and human condition the role of interpretation in history impact of technology on human relationships rights and duties comparing political systems subjective and objective views of beauty distinguishing science from pseudoscience existentialist thinkers non-western philosophical traditions indigenous philosophical perspectives critical thinking and argumentation the nature of historical knowledge structured query language introduction to equation adding single digit numbers adding two digit numbers connecting addition subtraction and properties of operations partitioning shapes into equal parts associative and commutative property of addition comparing whole numbers less than 100 exploring number relationships through addition and subtraction comparing and ordering lengths understanding and solving addition and subtraction statements identifying sides of equations how plants and animals use their body parts signals and responses in animal families patterns in young and parent plants and animals day and night sky patterns movements that create sound effects of materials on light communicating with light and sound matching nouns and verbs in sentences using past present and future words in sentences understanding words with prefixes and suffixes noticing word meanings that are close but not the same patterns of daylight across seasons using common and proper nouns replacing nouns with personal and possessive pronouns types of sentences using clues to understand new words root words and how they change naming and describing with word categories light sources and visibility showing ownership with possessive nouns hypertext markup language mobile frameworks javascript 3-dimensional figures ascii test Analyze and interpret primary and secondary sources to ask and research historical questions about the Western Hemisphere (including North America, South America, Central America, and the islands of the Caribbean). Investigate the historical eras, individuals, groups, ideas, and themes within regions of the Western Hemisphere and their relationships with one another. Use geographic tools and sources to research and make geographic inferences and predictions about the Western Hemisphere. Investigate how different economic systems developed based on access to resources, societal values, and human experiences, in order to address the problem of scarcity. Examine civic participation within different governmental systems of the Western Hemisphere. Describe current forms of government and the specific roles played by citizens in countries of the Western Hemisphere. Evaluate how regional differences and perspectives in the Western Hemisphere impact human and environmental interactions. Investigate the role of consumers and businesses within the Western Hemisphere. The collection of fossils and their placement in chronological order (e.g., through the location of the sedimentary layers in which they are found or through radioactive dating) is known as the fossil record. It documents the existence, diversity, extinction, and change of many life forms throughout the history of life on Earth. Structure and Properties of Matter: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating sub-units (e.g., crystals). Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Electromagnetic Radiation: When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object’s material and the frequency (color) of the light. The path that light travels can be traced as straight lines, except at surfaces between different transparent materials (e.g., air and water, air and glass) where the light path bends. Lenses and prisms are applications of this effect. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color and the frequency dependent bending of light at a surface between media (prisms). However, because light can travel through space, it cannot be a matter wave, like sound or water waves. Information Technologies and Instrumentation: Appropriately designed technologies (e.g., radio, television, cell-phones, wired and wireless computer networks) make it possible to detect and interpret many types of signals that cannot be sensed directly. Designers of such devices must understand both the signal and its interactions with matter. Many modern communication devices use digitized signals (sent as wave pulses) as a more reliable way to encode and transmit information. Construct an argument supported by evidence for how increases in human population and per-capita consumption of natural resources impact Earth's systems. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. Decomposers recycle nutrients from dead plant or animal matter back to the soil in terrestrial environments or to the water in aquatic environments. The atoms that make up the organisms in an ecosystem are cycled repeatedly between the living and nonliving parts of the ecosystem. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for the role of photosynthesis in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into and out of organisms. Giving quantitative measures of center (median and/or mean) and variability (interquartile range and/or mean absolute deviation), as well as describing any overall pattern and any striking deviations from the overall pattern with reference to the context in which the data were gathered. Plants, algae (including phytoplankton), and many microorganisms use the energy from light to make sugars (food) from carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water through the process of photosynthesis, which also releases oxygen. These sugars can be used immediately or stored for growth or later use. Apply the properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions. For example, apply the distributive property to the expression 3 (2 + x) to produce the equivalent expression 6 + 3x; apply the distributive property to the expression 24x + 18y to produce the equivalent expression 6 (4x + 3y); apply properties of operations to y + y + y to produce the equivalent expression 3y. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Draw polygons in the coordinate plane given coordinates for the vertices; use coordinates to find the length of a side joining points with the same first coordinate or the same second coordinate. Apply these techniques in the context of solving real-world and mathematical problems. Reporting the number of observations. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Use ratio reasoning to convert measurement units; manipulate and transform units appropriately when multiplying or dividing quantities. Understand signs of numbers in ordered pairs as indicating locations in quadrants of the coordinate plane; recognize that when two ordered pairs differ only by signs, the locations of the points are related by reflections across one or both axes. Solve real-world and mathematical problems by writing and solving equations of the form x + p = q and px = q for cases in which p, q and x are all nonnegative rational numbers. Solve real-world and mathematical problems by graphing points in all four quadrants of the coordinate plane. Include use of coordinates and absolute value to find distances between points with the same first coordinate or the same second coordinate. Identify parts of an expression using mathematical terms (sum, term, product, factor, quotient, coefficient); view one or more parts of an expression as a single entity. For example, describe the expression 2 (8 + 7) as a product of two factors; view (8 + 7) as both a single entity and a sum of two terms. Use variables to represent two quantities in a real-world problem that change in relationship to one another; write an equation to express one quantity, thought of as the dependent variable, in terms of the other quantity, thought of as the independent variable. Analyze the relationship between the dependent and independent variables using graphs and tables, and relate these to the equation. For example, in a problem involving motion at constant speed, list and graph ordered pairs of distances and times, and write the equation d = 65t to represent the relationship between distance and time.